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Ketamine Addiction
What is Ketamine?
Ketamine is a dissociative anaesthetic that has been widely used in medical settings and veterinary science since the 1960s. Originally developed for use during surgery, ketamine works by blocking NMDA receptors in the brain, leading to a disconnection between the brain and body, which produces its dissociative effects.
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Why do people use ketamine?
In medical situations, it is commonly used for anaesthesia and pain relief. In recent years, low doses have been utilised for the treatment of severe depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions. Ketamine is known for its rapid onset of action and the unique, sometimes intense, experiences it induces.
Outside of medical settings, ketamine is often used recreationally for its mind-altering effects. At lower doses, it can cause feelings of relaxation, euphoria, and detachment from reality, while higher doses can lead to more profound dissociative experiences, including hallucinations and a sense of being disconnected from one’s body (sometimes referred to as the “K-hole”).
Some individuals also seek out ketamine for its reported antidepressant effects, though unsupervised use can be dangerous.
Long-term use of ketamine can also lead to some severe health issues such as bladder dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and mental health disorders.
Is ketamine addictive?
Ketamine can be addictive, particularly with repeated use. While it is not as physically addictive as substances like opioids or alcohol, it has a significant potential for psychological dependence.
People who use ketamine regularly, may develop a tolerance, requiring higher doses to achieve the same effects, and may become preoccupied with using it, leading to compulsive use despite the negative consequences.
What is ketamine withdrawal?
Ketamine withdrawal occurs when someone who has been using ketamine habitually, stops or significantly reduces their use. Although ketamine withdrawal is generally not life-threatening, it can be uncomfortable and symptoms can include intense cravings, mood swings, feelings of hopelessness (depression) and heightened feelings of anxiety; severe tiredness or lethargy, and difficulty falling or staying asleep; problems with memory, focus, and decision-making.
Managing withdrawal typically requires a supportive environment and, in some cases, medical supervision to help the individual through the acute phase and prevent relapse.
Recovery from ketamine addiction is possible with the right treatment and support. If you or someone you know is struggling with ketamine use, seeking help from a mental health or addiction specialist is a crucial step towards recovery.
Signs and symptoms of ketamine abuse and addiction
Signs and symptoms of ketamine abuse and addiction can include:
Behavioural changes:
Physical symptoms:
Psychological symptoms:
Social and occupational impact:
Treatment for ketamine addiction at the rehab centre
Treatment for ketamine addiction involves a combination of behavioural therapies, counselling, and support groups. In some cases, a stay in a residential rehab programme may be the best option, particularly if the individual has co-occurring mental health conditions.
Ibiza Calm is a specialised mental health and addiction treatment clinic that provides rehab treatment for individuals who are struggling with ketamine abuse, addiction and any associated or co-occurring psychiatric conditions such as anxiety and depression. The aim of the treatment is to help individuals understand the triggers and patterns of their drug use and develop healthier coping mechanisms
The rehab centre offers a comprehensive approach to recovery from ketamine use. The Ibiza Calm team comprises experienced healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, and therapists, who work together to provide the highest level of care and support to each patient.
Key components of residential ketamine addiction treatment at Ibiza Calm
Residential treatment includes:
Comprehensive assessment: On arrival, clients undergo a full assessment of their physical health, mental wellbeing, and the extent of their ketamine use. This evaluation also identifies any co-occurring disorders such as anxiety, depression, or trauma-related conditions, allowing for the development of a tailored treatment plan that meets the client’s specific needs.
Medication management: Supportive medication may be used to manage symptoms such as anxiety, insomnia, or low mood. Treatment of any underlying or co-occurring psychiatric disorders is also essential. At Ibiza Calm, our medical director, Dr Manuel Rodriguez, oversees all medication protocols, working closely with our psychiatrists to ensure treatment is effective and well-tolerated.
Education: Educational workshops are an integral part of the recovery process. These cover a broad range of topics including the effects of ketamine on the brain and body, relapse prevention, emotional regulation, boundary setting, acceptance, and healthy lifestyle habits. The aim is to equip clients with the knowledge and tools to support lasting recovery.
Individual therapy: One-to-one therapy sessions with a specialist therapist provide space for clients to explore the psychological aspects of their addiction. We use evidence-based therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to help individuals challenge harmful thinking patterns and behaviours associated with ketamine use, and to establish healthier, more adaptive coping strategies.
Group therapy: Group sessions are a powerful part of the healing process, offering mutual support, social connection, and the opportunity to learn through shared experience. Group work also helps clients practise communication skills and reduce feelings of isolation.
Aftercare planning: Recovery from ketamine addiction requires sustained effort and ongoing support. Prior to leaving residential treatment, each client is introduced to our aftercare therapy group and guided through the development of a relapse prevention plan. This includes identifying high-risk situations, developing coping strategies, and accessing continued therapy or community support. We ensure that each client leaves feeling prepared and supported for the next steps in their recovery journey.
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